He is Abu Mohammed Dhia Al-Din Abu Mohammed Abdullah Bin Ahmed Al-Malqi, in reference to the city of Malaga, where he was born in Al-Andalus, known as Ibn Al-Bitar. Born in 1197,
He has roots in the Al-Bitar family in Syria, Palestine and Nazareth in particular, and is known as the Veterinarian: Among them are the Bitar family, Bitarah, Awda, Awwad, Afifi, Abda, Mansour.
He received his information in Seville at the hands of its scientists, such as Abu Al-Abbas, Abdullah bin Saleh, and others.
The Son of Bitar is the great medieval botanist, and has made great contributions in the fields of pharmacy and medicine.
His life.
At the beginning of his life, he traveled to many cities in the Islamic world in search of knowledge and knowledge.
He headed to Marrakech, then to Algeria, Tunisia, Asia Minor, then Antioch, then to the Levant, Egypt, and Hijaz. He stayed in Nazareth, Gaza, Jerusalem, and Beirut.
Then he moved to the Ancient Greece and reached the Great Romans. Al-Bitar's son did not leave his country until he was twenty years old.
Before that, he received the flag at the hands of the famous botanist Abu Al-Abbas Ahmed Bin Al-Mafraj (T637H), known as Al-Rumieh Al-Ishbili.
Dhia Eddine helped his teacher observe plant descriptions, study their medical properties, find out where they are spread, the environment for their growth, and their local names.
He spoke of his traveling with his teacher to the outskirts of Seville for that purpose.
Asmaa mentioned the medicinal plants he found in the language of the people of the country, which he called the Latina or the non-Andalus. Abdullah Bin Saleh al-Katami, a pharmacist in the Mwhid Court, is said to have had some effect on teaching fundamentals made for the Nubian Bible student.
Ibn Al-Bitar left his country to be disturbed at that time, following his mentor, Abi Abbas, in Latvia, and based on his advice. He arrived in Morocco carrying a letter from his teacher to Abi al-Hajjaj, a plant scientist at the homes.
He and his family settled in, and the father of the pilgrims advised him to travel to Greece and the Romans to study plant science.
Historians did not mention the details of the journey undertaken by Abu Al-Abbas Al-Nabati and his disciples, Dhia Al-Din.
Therefore, scientist Leclerc searched for the names of places and times when Abu Al-Abbas discovered some plants, mentioned them and described them in his book “The Journey.” Leclerc also followed this approach in his study of Ibn Al-Bitar, who used to imitate his professor in his works.
He mentioned in his book, “The Mosque for Food and Medicine,” as well as in his book, “The Singer of Single Medicines,” many medicinal plants.
He appointed its names in Arabic and Berber, and the time and place that he encountered in Egypt. Ibn Al-Al-Al-Bitar contacted the complete King on which relied on him for the matters of medicine and Ethiopian King,
After his death, he moved to serve his son, the good king. He was lucky enough to advance in his days. His fame spread and he became famous.
His statements and statements were said in him.
My father's son Usaibia says: "And I saw, from his good companionship, the perfection of his vision, his race, the quality of his morals and his knowledge, and the generosity of himself, something beyond description and exclamation," Ibn Al-Bitar always said: The work of the ancient is not enough and mysterious to present to the students, so it has to be corrected and completed so that they can benefit the most.
Ibn al-Bitar and Botany.
As a child, he liked to spend his time in the forest next to his village.
Since childhood, he became more appreciative of nature, observing plant and animal diversity and his love of plant science; The forest became his first school in botany, and he was then awarded the son of the veterinarian by the scientist of Seville, Abu Al-Abbas Al-Nabati, the most famous plant scientist, but the son of Al-Bitar excelled as his teacher.
He also excelled in his scientific, experimental, and applied research on the rest of his time herbs.
Plant science has flourished in Arabs since the fourth century of immigration, and some names still occur in the history of medical literature, including: They became pioneers, excelled in the knowledge of plant, animal and mineral medicines, opened public pharmacies in the time of Mansour.
They also placed special pharmacies of pimarstanate (hospitals). The pharmacy had a president called the "Sheik of the Bamarstan Pharmacy" and made the pharmacist a president names of The pharmacists' captain) and they wrote special books on the installation of medicines, they called it the Pharmacists Association.
An expressive description, written by Abu Abbas Al-Qagshandi (who died in 812 AH) about the pharmacy attached to Al-Baymarstan, says: There were some kinds of drinks and precious pastries, luxurious breeders, types of medicines, and superperfumes that only exist in them, and there are some precious and Chinese appliances, such as yogurt and barani, that only kings can afford. The pharmacist stands at the pharmacy door wearing his white clothes, dispensing medicine and behind him are shelves full of medicine and bottles,
This quick work and the hard work that Arab scientists have left behind in organizing the art of pharmacy makes us realize that this science owes them a lot if not of their invention, and what helped them is that their scientists were chemists and doctors at the same time.
travel
He started his scientific life in Andalus, then moved to Morocco. When he was twenty, he visited Marrakech, Algeria, and Tunisia as a researcher and interlocutor for researchers with the knowledge of plants.
Then he moved to Asia Minor, passing through Antioch, Syria, then to Egypt, Al-Hejaz, Gaza, Jerusalem, and Beirut. Then he moved to Greece, and reached the Rome.
In Egypt, Ebn Al-Bitar contacted the King, who relied on him for the matters of medicines and plants, and made him head over all other peoples. After the death of Al-Kamel, he moved to serve his son, the Good King, and he had a special status.
After that, he traveled to Damascus during the reign of the Ethiopian Good King. There, he studied Syrian plants, wrote his blogs, and his findings.
Then he moved to Asia Minor and Greece, continuing his research there.
He is a natural field scientist who studies things in their places and verifies them himself. In addition, Al-Bitar's son had a detailed overview of the works of his predecessors in this subject, Diqorigen Pharmacology and herbs.
Authors.
Al-Jamia Pharmaceutical and Food Products Association,
Ibn Al-Bitar is considered one of the most famous botanical books. He has described more than 1,400 plant, animal and metal properties, of which 300 are manufactured. He has outlined the medical benefits of each of them.
He has introduced his goals in his book, which reflect his approach to research and scientific research and transport.
He argues that in his book he refers to the specializations and their levels, benefits, and maladies, as well as repairing their damages, the amount of the medicine used in their crimes, juices, or cooking, and the allowance for their lack.
In his introduction to his book, he says the method he followed in his research:
“What I am correct to watch and look, and I have proved to me by the laboratory, not by the news, I took it, and what was contrary to the powers and how and the sensual and proper observation of the right is his example, and I did not do it.”
He says of the contents of his book, "I understood all the five articles of the best book, Desforides, in his text.
I also collected the six articles from the update And metal and animal, unless he remembered it, and put in it the confidence of the modernist and the science of.
The Singer in Single Medicines,
Another famous book is "The Singer in Single Medicines", in which he discussed the effects of medicine on every organ of the body, such as ear, eye, stomach, and bulk drugs such as drugs against fever and poison.
It is the book of the Mosque in terms of importance, and it is divided into twenty chapters. And there's a lot of codex.
Discorides' book interpretation,
He explained the names of the drugs included in this book, which he wrote after his return from Rome. This book remained missing until 1955, when a mission from the Institute of Arab Manuscripts discovered a manuscript copy of it in a Mecca storehouse.
And the son of Bitar has a fourth famous book titled "The Book of Evidence and Media, Including the Book of Curricula, of Flaws and Delusions."
In his introduction, he mentioned that one of his friends pointed to him by presenting books in the field of pharmacology to correct the errors in them, but he did not specify the reasons behind his election of the book,
"The Manifesto for the Use of Man," which he wrote and presented to the coffers of Al-Muqaddi Allah Al-Abbasi. It's a lexicon of many simple, complex drugs.
This book has become popular in the Arab and foreign world and has been translated into foreign languages.
His main reference was the book The Grass by Descoides, translated by Istivin Ben Bassil and reformed by Hunayn Ben-Ishaq. Al-Bitar's son found an opportunity to increase his personal reputation by criticizing a book that contained all the mistakes made by the author, the translator, and the copywriter. Only 120 drugs were listed in the book Ibn Jazzala.
other,,,
The book of the truth and the media, including the flaws and delusions in the curriculum.
Article in lemon.
A book in medicine.
Strange acts and extraordinary properties.
Doctor's balance.
A message in poisons.
death
Ibn Al-Bitar died in Damascus in 646 A.H., corresponding to 1248 A.M., and he is 49 years old. He researches and experiments on plants. The poison leaks during his testing of a plant that he tried to make a drug of.
See also,
Islamic Sciences,
Islamic Medicine,
Islamic Agricultural Revolution,
List of Muslim scholars,
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